A Practical Guide of Financial Ratios - Free Solution

Question: Describe about the Financial Ratios for A Practical Guide? Answer: Introduction Tesco and Sainsbury are one of the well known retail organizations in UK. Both the companies are listed in the London stock exchange (Tesco.com, 2015). Both the supermarkets focus on the grocery segments. A brief comparison of the financial performance of both the companies has been done in terms of profitability and return to the investors. The companies have diverged their business from the grocery segment to the non food items, clothing, insurance and banking services (Sainsburys.co.uk, 2015). The data of 5 years of both the companies has been collected from the financial report. The profitability and investors performance of Tesco and Sainsbury has been analyzed from the year 2010 to 2014. A brief idea of the financial performance of both the companies has been obtained. It will serve as a tool for the make their investment decisions in these companies. Profitability analysis Profitability ratios measure an organization's ability to gain profit from the sales. As profits are utilized to reserve capital use and pay profits, these measures will be imperative to experts and nearly observed as far as industry correlations. Different profitability ratios to be considered are Gross Profit Margin and Net Profit Margin. Overall revenue considers income less the expense of merchandise sold. An organization's terrible net revenue might likewise be seen as an estimation of creation effectiveness. An organization with overall revenue higher than that of its rivals, or the business normal, is esteemed to be more effective and is subsequently, taking all things into account, favored. Net overall revenue considers the net pay once all expenses are uprooted. With this, the edge could be seen as controlled by a scope of variables including rivalry or increasing expenses (Lee, 2006). In the present study the profitability of Tesco and Sainsbury has been analyzed for 5 years. The profitability has been analyzed from the year 2010 to 2014. This will help to judge the performance of the company in the subsequent years. The profitability analysis of Tesco from the year 2010 to the year 2014 has been done using the following ratios (Tesco plc, 2015). Tesco Profitability Analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Gross profit margin (Sales - COGS)/Sales 8% 9% 9% 5% 5% Net Profit margin Net income after tax/Sales 6% 7% 7% 0% 2% Return on Assets Net income after assets /Total assets 5% 6% 6% 0% 2% Return on Capital Employed Earnings before interest and tax / Capital employed 15% 17% 17% 11% 12% Gross Profit Margin The gross profit margin indicates the profit margin of the company over the sales. The cost of goods sold is deducted from sales to get the value of revenue. The gross profit of Tesco from the year 2010 to 2014 has been fluctuating. The profit margin of the company was increasing till 2012. The profit margin declined from 2012 to 2013. The margin of gross profit stagnated to 5% in the year 2014 (Tesco plc, 2015). Net Profit margin: It indicates the profitability of the company from sales. The profit of the company after payment of taxes is considered as net profit. The analysis of the net profit margin of Tesco shows that the net profit margin was increasing till 2012. There was a sharp decline in the net profit in the year 2013 due to huge burden of tax. There was no profit gain from sales in the year 2013 after payment of taxes. The net profit margin increased to 2% in the year 2014 (Businessweek.com, 2015). Return on Assets: The return of the company on investment in assets is determined by the return on assets ratio. The return on assets for Tesco has been rising till 2012. A sharp decline of ROA was seen in the year 2013 and it increased to 2% in the year 2014. Return on Capital employed: The return on capital employed ratio determines the earnings of the company from the capital employed by the organization. The return on capital employed for Tesco has been increasing from the year 2010 to the year 2012. There was a sharp decline in the ratio in the year 2013 from 17% to 11%. The ROCE increased to 12% in 2014. The major reason behind the decline of the profitability of Tesco from the year 2012 to 2013 is the existence of tough competitors in the market. The competitive edge of the company has reduced and it has to revive its strategy of business to regain its position in the International market and home market (redmayne.co.uk, 2015). Sainsbury Profitability Analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Gross profit margin (Sales - COGS)/Sales 4% 4% 4% 3% 4% Net Profit margin Net income after tax/Sales 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% Return on Assets Net income after assets /Total assets 5% 6% 5% 5% 4% Return on Capital Employed Earnings before interest and tax / Capital employed 12% 12% 11% 11% 12% The profitability analysis for Sainsbury for 5 years from the year 2010 to 2014 has been done using the following ratios. Gross profit margin: The gross profit margin for Sainsbury shows that the profit margin of the company on sales has declined in the year 2013. However the profit margin has been stable to 4% in the year 2010 to 2012 and 2014. Net profit margin: The net profit margin of Tesco has remained steady from the year 2010 to the year 2014. It has maintained a standard level of 3% throughout the 5 years (J-sainsbury.co.uk, 2015). Return on Assets: The return on assets from Sainsbury has declined from the year 2010 to the year 2014. It shows that Sainsbury is not being able to utilize the assets efficiently to generate profit (Businessweek.com, 2015). Return on capital employed: The return on capital employed for Sainsbury has been 12% till 2011. It has declined in the year 2013. However it has regained its position and maintained its standard level of 12% (redmayne.co.uk, 2015). Investors performance indicator analysis Price -earning (P/E) ratio is normally utilized while taking venture choices by numerous speculators. P/E proportion is the degree between the business sector cost and income every offer. The proportion shows the business sector cost of an offer versus its income. As per one perspective, bring down the P/E degree, the better it is for speculators, as there are possibilities of higher appreciation. The higher the P/E, the more is being paid for an expected stream of profit. Financial specialists normally are ready to pay a higher P/E for organizations they judge will be becoming quicker than the standard despite the fact that they don't pay those income out in profits however hold them to reserve future development. The cost of the organization's stock typically becomes quicker than the cost of an organization with a slower development or higher profit paying organization. In this way, the higher P/E produces more noteworthy upside potential (Baker Powell, 2005). Tesco Investor's performance indicator analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Price Earnings Ratio Stock price per share / Earning per share 13.2 11.1 7.9 11 10.4 Dividend Yield Ratio Dividend per share/ Price per share 3.1 3.6 4.6 4 4.4 Return on Investment Earnings per share / Market price of share 7% 9% 13% 5% 9% The investors performance indicators from investment in Tesco have been assessed by the following ratios. The analysis has been done from 5 years from 2010 to 2014. Price-Earnings Ratio The price earnings ratio indicates the earning of share holders on the investment on a single share. The price earnings ratio for Tesco has been fluctuating. The earnings of the share holders have declined in the year 2012 to 7.9 from the year 2011 which was 11.1. The decline of the price earnings of Tesco has been due to the decline in the Profitability of the company in the year 2012 from the previous year. Dividend Yield Ratio The ratio measures the dividend earned by the investors on the price paid by the investor. The dividend yield on investment in the shares of Tesco has been increasing. The yield has been highest in the year 2012. This shows that the company has been paying regular dividend to the share holders. Return on Investment: The ratio measures the return of the share holders on the investment in the share. The return on investment in the shares of Tesco has been highest in the year 2012. The ROI has declined in the year 2013 with a increase in ROI in the year (Financials.morningstar.com, 2015). Sainsbury Investor's performance indicator analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Price Earnings Ratio Stock price per share / Earning per share 13.9 13.2 10.8 11.8 9.6 Dividend Yield Ratio Dividend per share/ Price per share 4.3 4.3 5.3 4.6 5.5 Return on Investment Earnings per share / Market price of share 10% 10% 10% 8% 14% Price Earnings ratio The price earnings ratio for Sainsbury shows that it has been fluctuating. The price earnings ratio has declined in the year 2014. Dividend Yield The yield in the form of dividend on investment in the share of Sainsbury has been increasing. It has increased from the year 2010 to the year 2014. The highest yield has been in the year 2014. Return on Investment The return on investment for Sainsbury has declined in the year 2013 from the previous years. There was increase in the ROI in the year 2014 from 2013 , it raised by 6% (Financials.morningstar.com, 2015). Comparison and contrast of the profitability Tesco Profitability Analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Gross profit margin (Sales - COGS)/Sales 8% 9% 9% 5% 5% Net Profit margin Net income after tax/Sales 6% 7% 7% 0% 2% Return on Assets Net income after assets /Total assets 5% 6% 6% 0% 2% Return on Capital Employed Earnings before interest and tax / Capital employed 15% 17% 17% 11% 12% Sainsbury Profitability Analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Gross profit margin (Sales - COGS)/Sales 4% 4% 4% 3% 4% Net Profit margin Net income after tax/Sales 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% Return on Assets Net income after assets /Total assets 5% 6% 5% 5% 4% Return on Capital Employed Earnings before interest and tax / Capital employed 12% 12% 11% 11% 12% Comparison of Gross profit Margin of Tesco and Sainsbury Comparison of Net profit Margin of Tesco and Sainsbury Comparison of Return on Assets of Tesco and Sainsbury The comparison of the profitability of Tesco and Sainsbury for the year 2010 to the year 2014 shows that the gross profit margin for Tesco has been relatively higher than Sainsbury. While there has been significant decline in the gross profit for Tesco in the year 2013 and 2014 but it was higher than that of Sainsbury. The comparison of net profit margin shows that for Tesco it has declined sharply in the year 2013. But in the other years it was higher than Sainsbury. On the other hand, the net profit margin has been constant at 3% throughout the five years. The comparison of the return on assets shows that there was a sharp decline in return on assets in the year 2013. But it recovered from the decline in the year 2014. The return of assets for Sainsbury has remained fixed. The return of capital employed for Tesco and Sainsbury for the five years has shown similar movement (Diegelmann Deter, 2005). Comparison and contrast of investor performance Tesco Investor's performance indicator analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Price Earnings Ratio Stock price per share / Earning per share 13.2 11.1 7.9 11 10.4 Dividend Yield Ratio Dividend per share/ Price per share 3.1 3.6 4.6 4 4.4 Return on Investment Earnings per share / Market price of share 7% 9% 13% 5% 9% Sainsbury Investor's performance indicator analysis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Price Earnings Ratio Stock price per share / Earning per share 13.9 13.2 10.8 11.8 9.6 Dividend Yield Ratio Dividend per share/ Price per share 4.3 4.3 5.3 4.6 5.5 Return on Investment Earnings per share / Market price of share 10% 10% 10% 8% 14% Comparison of Price-Earnings Ratio of Tesco and Sainsbury Comparison of Dividend Yield Ratio of Tesco and Sainsbury Comparison of Return on Investment Ratio of Tesco and Sainsbury The price earnings ratio for Tesco and Sainsbury shows that the earnings of the shareholders on investment in the shares have been fluctuating. Both the companies show a decline in the P/E ratio from the year 2013 to 2014. However the earnings shareholder of Tesco has been higher than that of Sainsbury (Bull, 2007). The dividend yield ratio of Tesco and Sainsbury for five years shows that the dividend yield of Sainsbury has been higher than that of Tesco. The return on investment for Tesco and Sainsbury shows that the ROI for Tesco and Sainsbury has been fluctuating with the fluctuations in the share price of the companies. But the ROI has been higher for Sainsbury than Tesco from 2010 to 2014 (Tracy, 2012). Conclusion and recommendations The profitability analysis and investors performance analysis of Tesco and Sainsbury for the past 5 years shows that the profit margin of both the companies has been declining from 2010 to 2014. The variation in the profitability led to the fluctuations of the return of the investors. Both the companies must revive their business strategies in the home country as well as in the International market to gain their competitive advantage over tough competitors like Aldi. References Baker, H., Powell, G. (2005).Understanding Financial Management: A Practical Guide. Bull, R. (2007).Financial Ratios. Burlington: Elsevier. Businessweek.com,. (2015).List of Public Companies Worldwide, Letter - Businessweek - Businessweek. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker. Businessweek.com,. (2015).List of Public Companies Worldwide, Letter - Businessweek - Businessweek. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker.. Diegelmann, M., Deter, H. (2005).100 IFRS Financial Ratios. Financials.morningstar.com,. (2015).Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for Tesco PLC ADR (TSCDY) from Morningstar.com. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=TSCDY Financials.morningstar.com,. (2015).Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for Sainsbury (J) PLC (SBRY) from Morningstar.com. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=sbryregion=gbr J-sainsbury.co.uk,. (2015).J Sainsbury plc / Financial performance. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.j-sainsbury.co.uk/investor-centre/financial-performance/ Lee, T. (2006).Financial reporting and corporate governance. Chichester: John Wiley. redmayne.co.uk,. (2015).Sainsbury (J) Financials: Profit Loss, Balance Sheet, Key Facts .... Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.redmayne.co.uk Markets Research Sainsbury (J redmayne.co.uk,. (2015).Tesco Financials: Profit Loss, Balance Sheet, Key Facts. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.redmayne.co.uk Markets Research Tesco Sainsburys.co.uk,. (2015).Sainsbury's. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.sainsburys.co.uk/ Tesco plc,. (2015).Tesco plc. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=29 Tesco plc,. (2015).Tesco plc. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=548 Tesco.com,. (2015).Tesco.com - online shopping; bringing the supermarket to you - Every little helps. Retrieved 23 March 2015, from https://www.tesco.com Tracy, A. (2012).Ratio Analysis Fundamentals: How 17 Financial Ratios Can Allow You to ....

Macbeth Essays (710 words) - Characters In Macbeth,

Macbeth Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, is the tragic tale of Macbeth, a virtuous man, corrupted by power and greed. This tagedy could in fact be called "A Tale of Two Theories". One theory suggests that the tragic hero, Macbeth, is led down an unescapable road of doom by an outside force, namely fate in the form of the three witches. The second suggests that there is no supernatural force working against Macbeth, which therefore makes him responsible for his own actions and inevitable downfall. It must be remembered that Macbethis a literary work of art, and as a peice of art is open to many different interpretations, none of them right and none of them wrong. But the text of the play seems to imply that Macbeth is indeed responsible for his own actions which are provoked by an unwillingness to listen to his own conscience, the witches, and his ambition. First, Macbeth ignores the voice of his own psyche. He knows what he is doing is wrong even before he murders Duncan, but he allows Lady Macbeth and greed to cloud his judgement. In referring to the idea of the murder of Duncan, Macbeth first states,"We will proceed no further in this business"(I.vii.32). Yet, after speaking with Lady Macbeth he recants and proclaims,"I am settled, and bend up/Each corporal agent to this terrible feat"(I.vii.79-80). There is nothing supernatural to be found in a man being swayed by the woman he loves, as a matter of fact this action could be perceived as quite the opposite. Second, the witches have to be dispelled as a source of Macbeth's misfortune before the latter theory can be considered. It is admittedly strange that the weird sisters first address Macbeth with,"All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee Thane of Cawdor!"(I.iii.49), a title which not even Macbeth is aware he has been awarded. Even stranger is the third witch calling to Macbeth,"All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!"(I.iii.50). However as stated by Bradley,"No connection of these announcements with any actions of his was even hinted by [the withches]"(232). Some are still not convinced though of the witches less than supernatural role; nevertheless, Macbeth appears throughout the play to be completely aware 3 of his actions, as opposed to being contolled by some mystic force. The effect of the witches on the action of the play is best summarized by these words: ...while the influences of the Witches' prophecies on Macbeth is very great, it is quite clearly shown to be an influnce and nothing more.(Bradley 232) Most important to the theory that Macbeth is reponsible for his own actions would be a point that the infamous witches and Macbeth agree upon. Such an element exists in the form of Macbeth's ambiton. In the soliloquy Macbeth gives before he murders Duncan, he states, "...I have no spur/To prick the sides of intent, but only/Vaulting ambition,..."(I.vii.25-27). Are these the words of a man who is merely being led down a self dustructive path of doom, with no will of his own? Or are they the words of a man who realizes not only the graveness of his actions, but, also the reasons behind them? The answer is clear, Macbeth is a totally cognizant principal and not a mindless puppet. Later the head witch, Hecate, declares,"Hath been but for a wayward son,/Spiteful and wrathful, who, as others do,/Loves for his own ends, not for you." (III.v.11-13), which again highlights Macbeth's ambitious nature. The most significant part of the play is the part that is missing, and that is a connection between Macbeth's ambition and some spell cast by the weird sisters which might be said to magically cause an increase in his desires. While purposely played in a mysterious setting, the location is not meant to cloud the true theme of the play with the supernatural. Macbeth simply succumbs to natural urges which take him to a fate of his own making. Everyone has character flaws that he must live with; Macbeth simply allowed those flaws to destroy him. 3 Bibliography Bradley, A.C. "The Witch Scenes in Macbeth." England in Literature. Ed. John Pfordesher, Gladys V. Veidemanis, and Helen McDonnell. Illinois: Scott, Foresman, 1989. 232-233 Shekespeare, William. Macbeth. England in Literature. Ed. John Pfordesher, Gladys V. Veidemanis, and Helen McDonnell. Illinois: Scott, Foresman, 1989. 191-262

Sample Essay on a Student Invention Such As Cotton Candy

Sample Essay on a Student Invention Such As Cotton CandyA sample essay on a student invention such as cotton candy is necessary to achieve high school success. You should keep in mind that this is not an essay to find out what the student's product is. It should serve as an introduction to his or her product so that you know what the student is like and what you are capable of understanding when writing the essay. The writer must keep the student's ideas in mind so that the idea of the item you will be covering is a valid one.The student should get into current events and the relationship between the product and current events. How it fits into the world around you. You can use the personification of the product to relate to the product itself. How the subject is good for students in terms of developing skills, critical thinking, and how it can change the way you think.There is more to the unique product than just what the student has put together. The student should be able to relat e to the product in his or her daily activities and provide a story about the world that it is in. The new business idea could take advantage of a project that he or she has done before. If the student has done a great deal with the same idea before, you can show that there is a connection. By showing that there is a connection to other products he or she can show your own thinking when writing the essay.The essay may also provide a basis for the writing of the popular people in the world that the product would be great for. The famous sportsmen or women who have a product like this would use it to do something that would be unique for them. They would be seen as a person that started a product and then made it popular with their own talent.So bylooking at the uniqueness of the product you are writing about, you are helping yourself along with the essay. If you have an amazing idea you can get into the world of business with it. If you are a person who is creative and innovative you can use your creative energy and get into the world of entertainment or education.A sample essay on a student invention such as cotton candy can help your product's background information come across as believable. The student will not have a hard time coming up with background information and then getting into the product and explaining his or her thoughts on it.It is a fun and interesting way to start. It should never be an essay where you say, 'Here is my opinion.' You need to learn to be patient with the process.An essay on a student invention such as cotton candy should provide background information and then provide the idea that makes it unique. The uniqueness must be shown to the best of your ability and then the outline should be written. The writer of the essay should be able to do this and provide the essay the quality you want it to have.

All About Zero

All About Zero All About Zero All About Zero By Mark Nichol Zero is the basis of a small set of terms and idiomatic phrases, which are listed and defined below. Zero derives, through French and Italian, from the Latin term zephirum, which in turn stems, as do the other mathematical terms algebra and algorithm, from Arabic: Sifr means â€Å"cipher† (and is the origin of that word as well). Sifr, in turn, comes from Sanskrit. Absolute zero (quantified as 273.15 degrees below zero Celsius) is the temperature at which matter stops moving, while ground zero is the origin point of a phenomenon. (Originally, it referred to the blast site of a thermonuclear explosion.) Zero hour is the time at which something is scheduled to begin. Zero gravity and zero visibility refer to a near, not absolute, absence of the qualities referred to in the phrases, and patient zero is the first person to contract a disease in an outbreak. The colloquial expression â€Å"From zero to hero† denotes a change in state from anonymity or a lack of distinction or popularity to fame, from the sense of zero as meaning â€Å"an undistinguished or worthless person.† (One can also, unfortunately, transition in the other direction as well.) To zero in is to focus on something or to come closer to it; the expression stems from the idea of adjusting a setting on a device or instrument to zero but originally applied to shooting a firearm. To zero out is unrelated- it means either to reset something, such as timer, or to cut off funding or reduce a quantity. Zero tolerance is the concept of absolute adherence to a rule; the phrase has entered mainstream discourse in references to zero tolerance for weapons or illegal drugs in a given area or jurisdiction. A zero-sum game, meanwhile, is a situation in which a defeated competitor or participant loses as much as the victor wins. (The sum of the gains and losses is zero, hence the name.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business LetterRules for Capitalization in Titles50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

In Britain, Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp was the most Essay

In Britain, Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp was the most numerically significant form of women's political activism since the - Essay Example As the camp gained fame and publicity, the aims of their movement increased. They now demanded the removal of their cruise and started challenging the gender stereotypes of their time (Wilkison, 2002). In addition, the women also came up with a gendered critique of militarism, even as they asked for the restoration of common land to its prior state. The women camp was largely considered a feministic movement, and this raised different reactions from different people. The Greenham protest had a grand contribution in Britain. The number of women groups and campaigns were on the increase as a result of the protest. Anti-war movements and peace activism groups also drastically increased. In 1980, there was the emergence of a women group, Women Oppose Nuclear Threat (WONT), and 1981 saw the formation of Women Peace Alliance. These women group were vigilant in their activities and often conducted protests in the streets. For instance, in February of 1982, women groups came to a decision th at there would conduct a women only protest. The reasons they had for this was that women were less likely to cause violence even when provoked and that the police and soldiers would be less violent when dealing with them (summers, 1988). These women also viewed that the protest would be a sign of women empowerment and they thought that it would help to undermine the domestic division of labour. Encouraging feministic focus would also be achieved by the protest. Their plan was not without its weaknesses and flaws. For instance, it was difficult for married women to neglect their responsibilities so that they can attend the camp. Attending the camp would force these women to be separated from their families. During their stay in the camp, the women had a set of rules that were a guide to how they should relate. Some of these include disallowing men into the camp after dark, staying away from eating meat. Violence against each other was not allowed, and the decision making process was democratic (Wilkinson, 2002). In the camp, the living conditions were poor, and the women had to withstand all kinds of weather. Rainy seasons and the winter period were especially hard for women because of the cold, but their determination kept them going. The women gave up their comforts for the commitment of their cause. Many women were arrested and taken to prison, but eventually, their efforts bore fruit. Between 1991 and 1992, the cruise missiles were removed from Greenham Common and flown to the USA following the signing of the Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. The Treaty is in agreement with the fact that nuclear weapons would have devastating effects on all human-kind. The fact that Greenham was a women only camp many people thought that it had become feminist. To a large extent this is true because, at the camp, the women emphasized the need of women to be deeply involved in politics and leadership roles within the community. Others chose to feminize the feminine protests in the by arguing that the camp taught the women the importance of caring for one another and supporting one another even in difficult times. This was a view held by the radical feminists like Reger, (2005). It is of exceptional significance to note that, from 1983, there was a sharp increase of activities by groups whose agendas were feministic There was a big wave of feminism, both in support of women’s empowerment and development, as well as in support of the cause of the Greenham Common Women’

Paradise lost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paradise lost - Essay Example Knowledge is compared to food and needs no less (Milton, 1905, p. 45). Wisdom to folly, as nourishment to wind. The influence of wind by tossing or creating turbulence in mind is a metaphor used to direct state the mind. The use of virginity to illustrate originality and innocence is revealed in the several lines of the poem. The use of â€Å"her Virgin Fancies pouring forth more sweet (v 291-97). Though Eve is revealed as a Matron latter on, the original status calls her a virgin because she does not know evil and she is an innocent nature spirit. In modern language, literary use is occasional, with the main approach being on the use of metaphor. Several issues in the society are addressed by the use of metaphor such as pass away to illustrate death. The current literature books address almost all the literary devices that can be used to evaluate the different contemporary literature (Milton, 1905, p. 67). Compared to paradise lost, the current literature such as water for elephant employs the use of metaphor in defining the life of the young man Jacob Jankowski. The young man’s life is depicted clearly through the use of metaphor and the other stylistic devices such as irony (Gruen, 2011, p. 34). Suspense and metaphor use in the book illustrates the power of literary devices. The use of styles that facilitate the development of interest to read the book. The exposition of Jacobs’s depression illustrates the beauty of the story with continued use of illustrative language and the development of understanding of t he overall plot of the novel. The behavior of the characters is explained by use of metaphor and epic similes making modern literature similar to the traditional literature such as paradise lost. In response to the different plots, the use of literary device is changed, by the authors, to suit the style of writing. The novel Paradise Lost has employed the use of metaphor significantly, with the statements being used,

All human beings have a deep need for affection and respect Essay Example for Free

All human beings have a deep need for affection and respect Essay Do you think that Steinbeck conveys the message that nearly all human beings have a deep need for affection and respect? Yes I do think that Steinbeck conveys the message that nearly all human beings have a deep need for affection and respect because there is a lot of characters in the story that are very lonely and depressed, they need someone to talk to and to discuss their own problems with. Curleys wife is very lonely and she doesnt have anyone to talk to. She is the only woman on the ranch and isnt treated properly. She has a dream to become and actress and she tells us the story about the time she was talking to a man and he told her that he would send her a letter back to become an actress and she is still waiting on the letter. She should be respected and it makes us release it. George and Lennieà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s dream is to liv of the fata the lanà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This means that they dream to buy their own land and be there own boss and work there every day. They also want to be fed from there and Lennie wants to tendà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ his rabbits. As soon as candy finds out that George and Lennie have a dream, Candy buysà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ in to it by offering all his savings. Lennie and George are outcasts and exiles, the reason for this is for the fact that they are itinerant workers and they always work together and go everywhere with each other. This makes them outcasts because they always go everywhere together where as compare to other people at that moment in time every one went on their own. Crooks is lonely and no one talks to him, he doesnt sleep in the bunkhouse with the other ranch-hands because he is black. This shows the racism at this time. When Lennie goes in to his room he tells Lennie to get out of it because he wasnt allowed in their rooms so why should Lennie be in his room. It shows the way he is rejected from the others and that he has a need for deep affection. Curley is very bossy and he thinks that everyone is afraid of him. He bullies people because this is the way he can talk to people. He thought that he would be able to bully Lennie because Lennie looked stupid and very shy, but after he hit Lennie a few times so as soon as George told Lennie to hit him back he did so. Every person has a need to convey their affection and in Of Mice and Men Steinbecks shows this in different ways, with the different characters.